# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright (C) 2013 Rackspace Hosting Inc. All Rights Reserved.
# Copyright (C) 2013 Yahoo! Inc. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import abc
import enum
import six
from taskflow import atom
from taskflow import exceptions as exc
from taskflow.utils import misc
@enum.unique
[docs]class Decision(misc.StrEnum):
"""Decision results/strategy enumeration."""
REVERT = "REVERT"
"""Reverts only the surrounding/associated subflow.
This strategy first consults the parent atom before reverting the
associated subflow to determine if the parent retry object provides a
different reconciliation strategy. This allows for safe nesting of
flows with different retry strategies.
If the parent flow has no retry strategy, the default behavior is
to just revert the atoms in the associated subflow. This is
generally not the desired behavior, but is left as the default in
order to keep backwards-compatibility. The ``defer_reverts``
engine option will let you change this behavior. If that is set
to True, a REVERT will always defer to the parent, meaning that
if the parent has no retry strategy, it will be reverted as well.
"""
REVERT_ALL = "REVERT_ALL"
"""Reverts the entire flow, regardless of parent strategy.
This strategy will revert every atom that has executed thus
far, regardless of whether the parent flow has a separate
retry strategy associated with it.
"""
#: Retries the surrounding/associated subflow again.
RETRY = "RETRY"
# Retain these aliases for a number of releases...
REVERT = Decision.REVERT
REVERT_ALL = Decision.REVERT_ALL
RETRY = Decision.RETRY
# Constants passed into revert/execute kwargs.
#
# Contains information about the past decisions and outcomes that have
# occurred (if available).
EXECUTE_REVERT_HISTORY = 'history'
#
# The cause of the flow failure/s
REVERT_FLOW_FAILURES = 'flow_failures'
[docs]class History(object):
"""Helper that simplifies interactions with retry historical contents."""
def __init__(self, contents, failure=None):
self._contents = contents
self._failure = failure
@property
[docs] def failure(self):
"""Returns the retries own failure or none if not existent."""
return self._failure
[docs] def outcomes_iter(self, index=None):
"""Iterates over the contained failure outcomes.
If the index is not provided, then all outcomes are iterated over.
NOTE(harlowja): if the retry itself failed, this will **not** include
those types of failures. Use the :py:attr:`.failure` attribute to
access that instead (if it exists, aka, non-none).
"""
if index is None:
contents = self._contents
else:
contents = [
self._contents[index],
]
for (provided, outcomes) in contents:
for (owner, outcome) in six.iteritems(outcomes):
yield (owner, outcome)
def __len__(self):
return len(self._contents)
[docs] def provided_iter(self):
"""Iterates over all the values the retry has attempted (in order)."""
for (provided, outcomes) in self._contents:
yield provided
def __getitem__(self, index):
return self._contents[index]
[docs] def caused_by(self, exception_cls, index=None, include_retry=False):
"""Checks if the exception class provided caused the failures.
If the index is not provided, then all outcomes are iterated over.
NOTE(harlowja): only if ``include_retry`` is provided as true (defaults
to false) will the potential retries own failure be
checked against as well.
"""
for (name, failure) in self.outcomes_iter(index=index):
if failure.check(exception_cls):
return True
if include_retry and self._failure is not None:
if self._failure.check(exception_cls):
return True
return False
def __iter__(self):
"""Iterates over the raw contents of this history object."""
return iter(self._contents)
@six.add_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)
[docs]class Retry(atom.Atom):
"""A class that can decide how to resolve execution failures.
This abstract base class is used to inherit from and provide different
strategies that will be activated upon execution failures. Since a retry
object is an atom it may also provide :meth:`~taskflow.retry.Retry.execute`
and :meth:`~taskflow.retry.Retry.revert` methods to alter the inputs of
connected atoms (depending on the desired strategy to be used this can be
quite useful).
NOTE(harlowja): the :meth:`~taskflow.retry.Retry.execute` and
:meth:`~taskflow.retry.Retry.revert` and
:meth:`~taskflow.retry.Retry.on_failure` will automatically be given
a ``history`` parameter, which contains information about the past
decisions and outcomes that have occurred (if available).
"""
default_provides = None
def __init__(self, name=None, provides=None, requires=None,
auto_extract=True, rebind=None):
if provides is None:
provides = self.default_provides
super(Retry, self).__init__(name, provides)
self._build_arg_mapping(self.execute, requires, rebind, auto_extract,
ignore_list=[EXECUTE_REVERT_HISTORY])
@property
def name(self):
return self._name
@name.setter
def name(self, name):
self._name = name
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def execute(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
"""Executes the given retry.
This execution activates a given retry which will typically produce
data required to start or restart a connected component using
previously provided values and a ``history`` of prior failures from
previous runs. The historical data can be analyzed to alter the
resolution strategy that this retry controller will use.
For example, a retry can provide the same values multiple times (after
each run), the latest value or some other variation. Old values will be
saved to the history of the retry atom automatically, that is a list of
tuples (result, failures) are persisted where failures is a dictionary
of failures indexed by task names and the result is the execution
result returned by this retry during that failure resolution
attempt.
:param args: positional arguments that retry requires to execute.
:param kwargs: any keyword arguments that retry requires to execute.
"""
[docs] def revert(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
"""Reverts this retry.
On revert call all results that had been provided by previous tries
and all errors caused during reversion are provided. This method
will be called *only* if a subflow must be reverted without the
retry (that is to say that the controller has ran out of resolution
options and has either given up resolution or has failed to handle
a execution failure).
:param args: positional arguments that the retry required to execute.
:param kwargs: any keyword arguments that the retry required to
execute.
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def on_failure(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
"""Makes a decision about the future.
This method will typically use information about prior failures (if
this historical failure information is not available or was not
persisted the provided history will be empty).
Returns a retry constant (one of):
* ``RETRY``: when the controlling flow must be reverted and restarted
again (for example with new parameters).
* ``REVERT``: when this controlling flow must be completely reverted
and the parent flow (if any) should make a decision about further
flow execution.
* ``REVERT_ALL``: when this controlling flow and the parent
flow (if any) must be reverted and marked as a ``FAILURE``.
"""
[docs]class AlwaysRevert(Retry):
"""Retry that always reverts subflow."""
def on_failure(self, *args, **kwargs):
return REVERT
def execute(self, *args, **kwargs):
pass
[docs]class AlwaysRevertAll(Retry):
"""Retry that always reverts a whole flow."""
def on_failure(self, **kwargs):
return REVERT_ALL
def execute(self, **kwargs):
pass
[docs]class Times(Retry):
"""Retries subflow given number of times. Returns attempt number.
:param attempts: number of attempts to retry the associated subflow
before giving up
:type attempts: int
:param revert_all: when provided this will cause the full flow to revert
when the number of attempts that have been tried
has been reached (when false, it will only locally
revert the associated subflow)
:type revert_all: bool
Further arguments are interpreted as defined in the
:py:class:`~taskflow.atom.Atom` constructor.
"""
def __init__(self, attempts=1, name=None, provides=None, requires=None,
auto_extract=True, rebind=None, revert_all=False):
super(Times, self).__init__(name, provides, requires,
auto_extract, rebind)
self._attempts = attempts
if revert_all:
self._revert_action = REVERT_ALL
else:
self._revert_action = REVERT
def on_failure(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
if len(history) < self._attempts:
return RETRY
return self._revert_action
def execute(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
return len(history) + 1
class ForEachBase(Retry):
"""Base class for retries that iterate over a given collection."""
def __init__(self, name=None, provides=None, requires=None,
auto_extract=True, rebind=None, revert_all=False):
super(ForEachBase, self).__init__(name, provides, requires,
auto_extract, rebind)
if revert_all:
self._revert_action = REVERT_ALL
else:
self._revert_action = REVERT
def _get_next_value(self, values, history):
# Fetches the next resolution result to try, removes overlapping
# entries with what has already been tried and then returns the first
# resolution strategy remaining.
remaining = misc.sequence_minus(values, history.provided_iter())
if not remaining:
raise exc.NotFound("No elements left in collection of iterable "
"retry controller %s" % self.name)
return remaining[0]
def _on_failure(self, values, history):
try:
self._get_next_value(values, history)
except exc.NotFound:
return self._revert_action
else:
return RETRY
[docs]class ForEach(ForEachBase):
"""Applies a statically provided collection of strategies.
Accepts a collection of decision strategies on construction and returns the
next element of the collection on each try.
:param values: values collection to iterate over and provide to
atoms other in the flow as a result of this functions
:py:meth:`~taskflow.atom.Atom.execute` method, which
other dependent atoms can consume (for example, to alter
their own behavior)
:type values: list
:param revert_all: when provided this will cause the full flow to revert
when the number of attempts that have been tried
has been reached (when false, it will only locally
revert the associated subflow)
:type revert_all: bool
Further arguments are interpreted as defined in the
:py:class:`~taskflow.atom.Atom` constructor.
"""
def __init__(self, values, name=None, provides=None, requires=None,
auto_extract=True, rebind=None, revert_all=False):
super(ForEach, self).__init__(name, provides, requires,
auto_extract, rebind, revert_all)
self._values = values
def on_failure(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
return self._on_failure(self._values, history)
def execute(self, history, *args, **kwargs):
# NOTE(harlowja): This allows any connected components to know the
# current resolution strategy being attempted.
return self._get_next_value(self._values, history)
[docs]class ParameterizedForEach(ForEachBase):
"""Applies a dynamically provided collection of strategies.
Accepts a collection of decision strategies from a predecessor (or from
storage) as a parameter and returns the next element of that collection on
each try.
:param revert_all: when provided this will cause the full flow to revert
when the number of attempts that have been tried
has been reached (when false, it will only locally
revert the associated subflow)
:type revert_all: bool
Further arguments are interpreted as defined in the
:py:class:`~taskflow.atom.Atom` constructor.
"""
def __init__(self, name=None, provides=None, requires=None,
auto_extract=True, rebind=None, revert_all=False):
super(ParameterizedForEach, self).__init__(name, provides, requires,
auto_extract, rebind,
revert_all)
def on_failure(self, values, history, *args, **kwargs):
return self._on_failure(values, history)
def execute(self, values, history, *args, **kwargs):
return self._get_next_value(values, history)