==================== :program:`openstack` ==================== OpenStack Command Line SYNOPSIS ======== :program:`openstack` [] [] :program:`openstack help` :program:`openstack` :option:`--help` DESCRIPTION =========== :program:`openstack` provides a common command-line interface to OpenStack APIs. It is generally equivalent to the CLIs provided by the OpenStack project client libraries, but with a distinct and consistent command structure. AUTHENTICATION METHODS ====================== :program:`openstack` uses a similar authentication scheme as the OpenStack project CLIs, with the credential information supplied either as environment variables or as options on the command line. The primary difference is the use of 'project' in the name of the options ``OS_PROJECT_NAME``/``OS_PROJECT_ID`` over the old tenant-based names. :: export OS_AUTH_URL= export OS_PROJECT_NAME= export OS_USERNAME= export OS_PASSWORD= # (optional) :program:`openstack` can use different types of authentication plugins provided by the keystoneclient library. The following default plugins are available: * ``token``: Authentication with a token * ``password``: Authentication with a username and a password Refer to the keystoneclient library documentation for more details about these plugins and their options, and for a complete list of available plugins. Please bear in mind that some plugins might not support all of the functionalities of :program:`openstack`; for example the v3unscopedsaml plugin can deliver only unscoped tokens, some commands might not be available through this authentication method. Additionally, it is possible to use Keystone's service token to authenticate, by setting the options :option:`--os-token` and :option:`--os-url` (or the environment variables :envvar:`OS_TOKEN` and :envvar:`OS_URL` respectively). This method takes precedence over authentication plugins. .. NOTE:: To use the ``v3unscopedsaml`` method, the lxml package will need to be installed. OPTIONS ======= :program:`openstack` takes global options that control overall behaviour and command-specific options that control the command operation. Most global options have a corresponding environment variable that may also be used to set the value. If both are present, the command-line option takes priority. The environment variable names are derived from the option name by dropping the leading dashes ('--'), converting each embedded dash ('-') to an underscore ('_'), and converting to upper case. :program:`openstack` recognizes the following global options: .. option:: --os-cloud :program:`openstack` will look for a ``clouds.yaml`` file that contains a cloud configuration to use for authentication. See CLOUD CONFIGURATION below for more information. .. option:: --os-auth-type The authentication plugin type to use when connecting to the Identity service. If this option is not set, :program:`openstack` will attempt to guess the authentication method to use based on the other options. If this option is set, its version must match :option:`--os-identity-api-version` .. option:: --os-auth-url Authentication URL .. option:: --os-url Service URL, when using a service token for authentication .. option:: --os-domain-name Domain-level authorization scope (by name) .. option:: --os-domain-id Domain-level authorization scope (by ID) .. option:: --os-project-name Project-level authentication scope (by name) .. option:: --os-project-id Project-level authentication scope (by ID) .. option:: --os-project-domain-name Domain name containing project .. option:: --os-project-domain-id Domain ID containing project .. option:: --os-username Authentication username .. option:: --os-password Authentication password .. option:: --os-token Authenticated token or service token .. option:: --os-user-domain-name Domain name containing user .. option:: --os-user-domain-id Domain ID containing user .. option:: --os-trust-id ID of the trust to use as a trustee user .. option:: --os-default-domain Default domain ID (Default: 'default') .. option:: --os-region-name Authentication region name .. option:: --os-cacert CA certificate bundle file .. option:: --verify` | :option:`--insecure Verify or ignore server certificate (default: verify) .. option:: --os-cert Client certificate bundle file .. option:: --os-key Client certificate key file .. option:: --os-identity-api-version Identity API version (Default: 2.0) .. option:: --os-XXXX-api-version Additional API version options will be available depending on the installed API libraries. .. option:: --os-interface Interface type. Valid options are `public`, `admin` and `internal`. .. NOTE:: If you switch to openstackclient from project specified clients, like: novaclient, neutronclient and so on, please use `--os-interface` instead of `--os-endpoint-type`. .. option:: --os-profile Performance profiling HMAC key for encrypting context data This key should be the value of one of the HMAC keys defined in the configuration files of OpenStack services to be traced. .. option:: --os-beta-command Enable beta commands which are subject to change .. option:: --log-file Specify a file to log output. Disabled by default. .. option:: -v, --verbose Increase verbosity of output. Can be repeated. .. option:: -q, --quiet Suppress output except warnings and errors .. option:: --debug Show tracebacks on errors and set verbosity to debug .. option:: --help Show help message and exit COMMANDS ======== To get a list of the available commands:: openstack --help To get a description of a specific command:: openstack help Note that the set of commands shown will vary depending on the API versions that are in effect at that time. For example, to force the display of the Identity v3 commands:: openstack --os-identity-api-version 3 --help .. option:: complete Print the bash completion functions for the current command set. .. option:: help Print help for an individual command Additional information on the OpenStackClient command structure and arguments is available in the `OpenStackClient Commands`_ wiki page. .. _`OpenStackClient Commands`: https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/OpenStackClient/Commands Command Objects --------------- The list of command objects is growing longer with the addition of OpenStack project support. The object names may consist of multiple words to compose a unique name. Occasionally when multiple APIs have a common name with common overlapping purposes there will be options to select which object to use, or the API resources will be merged, as in the ``quota`` object that has options referring to both Compute and Block Storage quotas. Command Actions --------------- The actions used by OpenStackClient are defined with specific meaning to provide a consistent behavior for each object. Some actions have logical opposite actions, and those pairs will always match for any object that uses them. CLOUD CONFIGURATION =================== Working with multiple clouds can be simplified by keeping the configuration information for those clouds in a local file. :program:`openstack` supports using a ``clouds.yaml`` configuration file. Config Files ------------ :program:`openstack` will look for a file called clouds.yaml in the following locations: * Current Directory * ~/.config/openstack * /etc/openstack The first file found wins. The keys match the :program:`openstack` global options but without the ``--os-`` prefix: :: clouds: devstack: auth: auth_url: http://192.168.122.10:35357/ project_name: demo username: demo password: 0penstack region_name: RegionOne ds-admin: auth: auth_url: http://192.168.122.10:35357/ project_name: admin username: admin password: 0penstack region_name: RegionOne infra: cloud: rackspace auth: project_id: 275610 username: openstack password: xyzpdq!lazydog region_name: DFW,ORD,IAD In the above example, the ``auth_url`` for the ``rackspace`` cloud is taken from :file:`clouds-public.yaml`: :: public-clouds: rackspace: auth: auth_url: 'https://identity.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2.0/' Authentication Settings ----------------------- OpenStackClient uses the Keystone authentication plugins so the required auth settings are not always known until the authentication type is selected. :program:`openstack` will attempt to detect a couple of common auth types based on the arguments passed in or found in the configuration file, but if those are incomplete it may be impossible to know which auth type is intended. The :option:`--os-auth-type` option can always be used to force a specific type. When :option:`--os-token` and :option:`--os-url` are both present the ``token_endpoint`` auth type is selected automatically. If :option:`--os-auth-url` and :option:`--os-username` are present ``password`` auth type is selected. Logging Settings ---------------- :program:`openstack` can record the operation history by logging settings in configuration file. Recording the user operation, it can identify the change of the resource and it becomes useful information for troubleshooting. See :doc:`../configuration` about Logging Settings for more details. NOTES ===== The command list displayed in help output reflects the API versions selected. For example, to see Identity v3 commands ``OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION`` must be set to ``3``. EXAMPLES ======== Show the detailed information for server ``appweb01``:: openstack \ --os-project-name ExampleCo \ --os-username demo --os-password secret \ --os-auth-url http://localhost:5000:/v2.0 \ server show appweb01 The same command if the auth environment variables (:envvar:`OS_AUTH_URL`, :envvar:`OS_PROJECT_NAME`, :envvar:`OS_USERNAME`, :envvar:`OS_PASSWORD`) are set:: openstack server show appweb01 Create a new image:: openstack image create \ --disk-format=qcow2 \ --container-format=bare \ --public \ --copy-from http://somewhere.net/foo.img \ foo FILES ===== :file:`~/.config/openstack/clouds.yaml` Configuration file used by the :option:`--os-cloud` global option. :file:`~/.config/openstack/clouds-public.yaml` Configuration file containing public cloud provider information such as authentication URLs and service definitions. The contents of this file should be public and sharable. ``clouds.yaml`` may contain references to clouds defined here as shortcuts. :file:`~/.openstack` Placeholder for future local state directory. This directory is intended to be shared among multiple OpenStack-related applications; contents are namespaced with an identifier for the app that owns it. Shared contents (such as :file:`~/.openstack/cache`) have no prefix and the contents must be portable. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES ===================== The following environment variables can be set to alter the behaviour of :program:`openstack`. Most of them have corresponding command-line options that take precedence if set. .. envvar:: OS_CLOUD The name of a cloud configuration in ``clouds.yaml``. .. envvar:: OS_AUTH_PLUGIN The authentication plugin to use when connecting to the Identity service, its version must match the Identity API version .. envvar:: OS_AUTH_URL Authentication URL .. envvar:: OS_URL Service URL (when using the service token) .. envvar:: OS_DOMAIN_NAME Domain-level authorization scope (name or ID) .. envvar:: OS_PROJECT_NAME Project-level authentication scope (name or ID) .. envvar:: OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME Domain name or ID containing project .. envvar:: OS_USERNAME Authentication username .. envvar:: OS_TOKEN Authenticated or service token .. envvar:: OS_PASSWORD Authentication password .. envvar:: OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME Domain name or ID containing user .. envvar:: OS_TRUST_ID ID of the trust to use as a trustee user .. envvar:: OS_DEFAULT_DOMAIN Default domain ID (Default: 'default') .. envvar:: OS_REGION_NAME Authentication region name .. envvar:: OS_CACERT CA certificate bundle file .. envvar:: OS_CERT Client certificate bundle file .. envvar:: OS_KEY Client certificate key file .. envvar:: OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION Identity API version (Default: 2.0) .. envvar:: OS_XXXX_API_VERSION Additional API version options will be available depending on the installed API libraries. .. envvar:: OS_INTERFACE Interface type. Valid options are `public`, `admin` and `internal`. .. NOTE:: If you switch to openstackclient from project specified clients, like: novaclient, neutronclient and so on, please use `OS_INTERFACE` instead of `OS_ENDPOINT_TYPE`. BUGS ==== Bug reports are accepted at the python-openstackclient LaunchPad project "https://bugs.launchpad.net/python-openstackclient/+bugs". AUTHORS ======= Please refer to the AUTHORS file distributed with OpenStackClient. COPYRIGHT ========= Copyright 2011-2014 OpenStack Foundation and the authors listed in the AUTHORS file. LICENSE ======= http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 SEE ALSO ======== The `OpenStackClient page `_ in the `OpenStack Docs `_ contains further documentation. The individual OpenStack project CLIs, the OpenStack API references.